Azab Gazab Duniya

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a condition in which the pancreas is unable to produce enough digestive enzymes to properly digest food. These digestive enzymes are essential for breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the food we eat so that our bodies can absorb the nutrients.  When there is an insufficient supply of these enzymes, it can lead to a range of digestive problems.  Symptoms of Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency: The symptoms of EPI can vary in severity, but common signs and symptoms include: Chronic Diarrhea: This is one of the most common symptoms of EPI, and it often occurs after eating fatty or greasy foods. Steatorrhea: This is the passage of foul-smelling, fatty stools that may be bulky and difficult to flush. Weight Loss: Malabsorption of nutrients can lead to weight loss, malnutrition, and deficiencies in essential vitamins and minerals. Abdominal Pain: Some individuals with EPI may experience abdominal discomfort or pain. Bloating an...

Microscopic colitis is a type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that primarily affects the colon (large intestine) and is characterized by persistent diarrhea, often without the typical signs of inflammation seen in other forms of IBD like Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis . It is called "microscopic" because the inflammation associated with this condition is not visible to the naked eye and can only be detected under a microscope. There are two main types of microscopic colitis: 1. Lymphocytic Colitis 2. Collagenous Colitis Lymphocytic Colitis: In this form of microscopic colitis, there is an increase in the number of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) in the lining of the colon. This condition is often associated with chronic, watery diarrhea. Collagenous Colitis: In collagenous colitis, there is a thickening of the collagen band in the lining of the colon. Like lymphocytic colitis, it is also characterized by chronic, watery diarrhea. Some important...

Pulmonary diseases, also known as lung diseases , affect the respiratory system and can have a significant impact on a person's breathing and overall health. These diseases can range from acute respiratory infections to chronic conditions that gradually worsen over time. Common pulmonary diseases include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pneumonia, and lung cancer.  Symptoms of Pulmonary Diseases : Breathing Difficulties: Pulmonary diseases can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and chest pain. These symptoms can significantly affect a person's ability to breathe. Reduced Lung Function: In many cases, pulmonary diseases can lead to reduced lung function, making it harder for the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently. This can result in low oxygen levels in the blood. Exacerbations: Some pulmonary diseases, such as COPD and asthma, can have exacerbations or flare-ups where symptoms worsen suddenly. Th...

Bell's palsy is a condition that causes sudden, temporary weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face. It occurs when the facial nerve, which controls facial muscles, becomes inflamed or compressed. Bell's palsy can lead to facial drooping and difficulty with facial expressions, speaking, and eating.  Some important points about Bell's palsy: Causes: The exact cause of Bell's palsy is not fully understood, but it is believed to be related to viral infections, particularly herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. The virus is thought to cause inflammation and swelling of the facial nerve. Symptoms: Sudden weakness or paralysis on one side of the face is the hallmark symptom of Bell's palsy.  Other common symptoms include: Drooping of the mouth and eyelid on one side of the face. Difficulty closing one eye or excessive tearing. Increased sensitivity to sound in one ear. Loss of the sense of taste on the front two-thirds of the tongue. Altered production...

Muscle stiffness, also known as muscle rigidity / weakness, is a sensation of tightness or difficulty moving muscles. It can be caused by various factors, including muscle overuse, injury, medical conditions, and neurological issues. Diagnosis: Medical History: Your healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms, including when they started, their severity, and any factors that make the stiffness better or worse.  They will also inquire about your medical history and any recent injuries or illnesses. Physical Examination: A physical examination involves assessing the affected muscles for signs of swelling, tenderness, or muscle knots / trigger points. Your healthcare provider may also check your range of motion and muscle strength. Imaging: In some cases, imaging studies like X-rays, ultrasound, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be ordered to rule out structural issues or injuries. Laboratory Tests: Blood tests may be done to check for signs of inflammation, infection, ...

Dementia is not a specific disease itself but rather a general term used to describe a group of cognitive and behavioral symptoms characterized by a decline in memory, reasoning, language, and other thinking skills severe enough to interfere with daily life. Dementia can result from various underlying causes, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common form.  There are several different types of dementia, with Alzheimer's disease being the most prevalent given below: Vascular Dementia: This type of dementia is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain due to damaged blood vessels. It often occurs after a stroke or as a result of small blood vessel disease. Lewy Body Dementia: This type involves the presence of abnormal protein deposits (Lewy bodies) in the brain. It can cause a range of cognitive and motor symptoms, including hallucinations and movement problems. Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD): FTD is characterized by damage to the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, ...

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive and degenerative brain disorder that affects memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday tasks. It is the most common cause of dementia , a general term for a decline in cognitive ability severe enough to interfere with daily life. Some important points about Alzheimer's disease: Symptoms: Alzheimer's disease typically begins with mild memory loss and confusion, but it progresses over time. Common symptoms include forgetfulness, difficulty with problem-solving and planning, confusion about time or place, mood and personality changes, withdrawal from social activities, and difficulty with communication. Causes: The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Abnormal protein deposits in the brain, including beta-amyloid plaques and tau tangles , are characteristic of the disease and are thought to disrupt...